Lg Brown Goods

Venture on LG Contents Mission3 Mission Statement3 Vision3 Core Values3 How the current procedures are inside the mission, vision and center values3 Present Strategy3 Market Analysis3 Segmentation3 Targeting4 Positioning4 Needs4 PESTLE Analysis4 Political factor4 Economical factor4 Socio-social factors5 Technological factors5 Legal factors5 Environmental factors5 Industry/Competitive Analysis6 Industry in which LG Competes6 Industry execution for most recent 5 years and projections for next 3 years6Market portion of Top 5 players by segments7 Market portion of sorted out and chaotic for a year ago and projection for next three years8 Industry’s 5 serious forces9 Indirect Competitors of LG Electronics (Brown Goods) â€9 Top Direct Competitors of LG Electronics in INDIA â€9 Competitive preferences of Samsung Electronics â€10 Competitive Advantages of Sony Electronics â€10 Competitive Advantage of Videocon â€10 SWOT Analysis of LG Electronics â€10 Performance Rev iew11Past execution of the item and components of the showcasing mix11 Objective of the company13 Mission Statement To turn into a top creative hardware organization on the planet. It invests wholeheartedly in its organization and workers and accepts this is the thing that will make it into one of the most inventive organizations of the 21st century. Vision LG’s vision is to convey inventive computerized items and administrations that make our customers’ lives better, simpler and more joyful through expanded usefulness and fun. Center ValuesGlobal, Tomorrow, Energy, Humanity and Technology are the columns that this company is established on; with the capital letters L and G situated inside a hover to focus our beliefs to the exclusion of everything else, humankind. The image mark represents our purpose to set up an enduring relationship with, and to accomplish the most noteworthy fulfillment for our clients. How the current methodologies are inside the mission, vision and basic beliefs By receiving the Blue Ocean Strategy LG will have the option to continue its administration position.BOS gives a deliberate method of distinguishing and making high development openings. LG is looking not simply to keep up its initiative situation in India, however to proceed to develop, and to change from a mass brand to an excellent one. Through the selection of this strategy, LG plans to dispatch items or administrations which make or altogether increment its pieces of the overall industry and benefit by offering separated qualities considering clients. The transition to embrace Blue Ocean Strategy is viewed as an aspiring drive to restore LG globally.The system targets planning so as to abuse openings, so far undiscovered; either inside the current fragments of LG or outside, where there is zero or insignificant rivalry. Present Strategy * Local and effective assembling to decrease cost * Product localisation; LG came out with provincial language menus on its T V * Introduction of low evaluated items for the country showcase particularly in the TV portion * LG has embraced the local circulation model in India * Offering moderate items at a lower edge â€cutting on volume to ring in incomes * LG is receiving the Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS) in India as a feature of its worldwide technique * BOS gives a casing work for splitting endlessly from the opposition to accomplish high client worth and gainfulness all the while * Blue Ocean Products will be items and administrations which make a differential incentive for the client, along these lines opening up huge, new markets to definitely improve productivity and piece of the overall industry * Blue Ocean Business Model is one that centers the endeavors of the organization on giving separated an incentive to clients. Market AnalysisSegmentation †Demographic Higher pay bunch Occupation †Geographic Tier 1 and Tier 2 urban areas †Psychographic Loyalty status †switcher faithful si nce result of various need are taken from various brand considering predominance Usage rate †high as far as use client life stage †relationships and other life stage are when earthy colored great and eletronics are purchased benefts †for purchaser who look for benefits inferred with tech occassion †purchased for the most part on bubbly season so furnished with different plans. †Behavioral LG search for Value and way of life which individuals accept they compare to. TargetingLG has focused on its market based on the item that they are offering to the purchaser. upper-lower and higher sections individuals more worry to medical advantages, way of life and quality items LCD and Plasma TV for premium portion attempting to move to mid class and mass market of item particular specialization Positioning Differentiate item on innovation which offer to shopper on premise of medical advantages like wellbeing wave framework for stove, brilliant eye for TV its slogan dep icts to make individuals life better helpful and more beneficial they attempt to position as youthful dynamic and premium brand NeedsNeeds met by the LG earthy colored n hardware item †usability, higher productivity PESTLE Analysis Political factor Taxation arrangements, outside exchange guidelines, exchange approaches are the significant political elements. LG must follow the compliances given by the administration like the Environmental Protection Agency. Deals volume gets contrarily influenced because of any adjustment in the arrangements or remote exchange guidelines. It will make buyer pay more for items. There is a likelihood that the adjustment in government can have an impact from the help of LG’s Research and Development. These political variables are:High import obligation Export advancement plan of Indian government like EPCG(Export Promotion Capital Good Scheme), EOU(Export Oriented Units) status Plants in Tax motivator zones like Pune, Greater Noida. Conserv ative factor Price wars is the greatest monetary factor for LG. LG has utilized serious methodologies like confinement and adjusting it to various markets. Making it simpler to catch consumer’s eye with items that are simpler for their regular living. In India, LG opened assembling offices that started with the R&D taking a gander at what contenders have just brought to the arket and made their item one of a kind and equipped towards the purchasers needs. Things that may influence deals volume from a financial angle is an unexpected change in consumer’s salary. So LG would need to glance in to how they can make items increasingly moderate for purchasers in downturn. In India GDP is rising. Per Capita Income is expanding, so spending intensity of purchaser is expanding. Socio-social elements LG went into the market in India with quite a few devices. They adjusted to the market and promptly started to be the trailblazers of that market.They have offered back to the g eneral public by furnishing them with work openings by building producing plants. They are fabricating eco-accommodating items and expanding the way of life of the individuals. Inside the social factor, LG has had the option to accomplish a higher deals volume in India. Mechanical variables LG has consistently been an innovator in development from the 1980s so innovation is the significant factor for them. LG is extending in 3G Network innovation. In India, Reliance joining with LG has 3G plans made for advanced cells. LG acquainted its LG Optimus 3D with the market in India.Improvement in innovation made the item less expensive and nature of item has been expanded. Lawful components Legal elements like work law and shopper assurance law can likewise influence the beginning up of an organization. Work laws, similar to what number of individuals a business utilizes the quantity of representatives in every area, the base number of workers determined in the business law and so forth. C ustomer assurance law shields purchasers from false or untrustworthy strategic approaches, deceiving commercials, and imperfect items. Along these lines, these are a portion of the laws that organizations must stand before beginning a venture.Environmental factors LG must follow the compliances given by the administration bodies like the Environmental Protection Agency which likewise screens the usage. The organization was punished for neglecting to meet its promise to make items free of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic and brominated fire retardants (BFRs) before the finish of 2010. The entirety of LG's cell phones are currently liberated from PVC and BFRs while different items, for example, TVs and journals contain PVC/BFR free parts; LG intends to eliminate these substances from TVs screens and PCs by 2012 and family unit apparatuses by 2014.In the Guide the organization scored severely on the Energy standards, being censured for setting a powerless objective for the decrease of ozone harming substance emanations and not making sustainable power source some portion of its low carbon system. LG scored most focuses in the Sustainable Operations classification with the organization giving reclaim to outdated telephones in 52 nations and being tending to the issue of contention minerals. LG is presently following a green item system. The target of LG Electronics’ green item methodology is to limit the natural effect in general worth chain while improving lives.The technique comprises of three parts; vitality, human and assets. The methodology depends on a model that mulls over high vitality productivity, a decrease in crude material utilization, and human government assistance. Industry/Competitive Analysis Industry in which LG Competes LG Competes in Consumer Durables industry. Theâ consumer durables industryâ emerged in the twentieth century and has now become a worldwide industry worth billions of dollars. * LG has some expertise in the assembling o f shopper durables The extent of our report covers LG’s earthy colored Goods which include: * Television * Audio-Video Systems Computers * Electronic Accessories Industry execution for most recent 5 years and projections for next 3 years * We accept that the Indian buyer durables industry will post solid twofold digit development of ~15% throughout the following 3 years. * We accept th

SWOT Analysis of E-Commerce Opportunity

SWOT Analysis of E-Commerce Opportunity Portrayal and Market Potential Portrayal Presentation: Describe what an online business opportunity is. Refer to sources. The present framework was created as a component of an inward intranet characterize terms obviously with sources. This permits staff to set up alarms dependent on demands by existing customers or through new customers got by deals. This procedure could be computerized into a site that permitted customers to audit, buy and arrangement their own cautions for their organization without the requirement for manual procedures by interior representatives. This model favors a higher volume of deals at a lower cost with the possibility to get to new B2B what is this? deals outside of the present high worth business customers. The single unit of deals for the site is an alarm. A solitary alarm covers: Various twitter clients to follow, these can be characterized and assembled by the client for the board accommodation. A key territory of the item will be pre-characterized bunches kept up by social360 that recognize the powerful columnists, bloggers and internet based life analysts from explicit business segments and land zones. Restrictions are forced on the client for quantities of â€Å"influencers†not yet characterized per alarm or gathering relying upon the bundle chose and cost The catchphrases the client needs to follow. This requires a straightforward procedure that characterizes the words to coordinate or prohibit and the rationale that consolidates them, either AND OR. The individuals that the client sets up to alarm, these can be overseen as gatherings that can be shared across cautions or as people. Procedure necessitating that the planned beneficiary is welcomed and acknowledges the receipt of cautions and can deal with their membership to alarms is required to stay away from the sending of spontaneous email. SWOT Analysis (what are you investigating †Social 360? You have not yet recognized your item or administration for your proposed internet business action †express your administration thought unmistakably toward the start †section 2) Qualities Effectively tried as an idea. Great input from customers utilizing the current help. Barely any contenders offering comparative administrations. Low running expenses. No stock or stock, a computerized item. Shortcomings Dependent on providers of information administrations, quickly evolving commercial center. Requires restrictive programming which could expand improvement time. Openings Possibly huge market boundless by import/send out charges. Probability of authorizing to offices later on. Great development prospects, formation of new items/administrations. Application can be confined for universal deals. Dangers Contenders offer restricted administrations for nothing, need to concentrate on our disparities. Administrations require high-accessibility administration interference must be stayed away from. Time to showcase is key in quick moving part. Cost decrease downgrades item for high worth customers. PESTEL Analysis Political Changes in State and European law could influence specialist co-ops and their capacity to give the essential administrations required to the item. Financial Adaptability of costs what is this? from providers should be surveyed. Interior cutoff points on staffing necessities and expenses. Social Present day social scene online gives potential clients keen on advertising, brand investigation and observing. Patterns towards more prominent open imparting of information and insights. New Public Relations in enterprises moving from print media towards online life. Mechanical Quick moving changes in permitting of information from internet based life stages could disturb information providers Unwavering quality of item is vital, innovation must be chosen to give progression in administrations as missed substance is probably not going to be endured. Utilization of unreservedly accessible APIs gave by internet based life stages ought to be abused to improve educational substance behind center administrations. Natural Low broad natural effect. Server farms are the most critical utilization of vitality, probability of investigating most proficient suppliers. Lawful Must stick to the information assurance act concerning client data Must know about prerequisites sketched out in the web based business guidelines demonstration of 2002 Must know Suppliers terms and conditions System/Vision The essential web based business system is to abuse new markets that are not right now reachable through customary deals strategies. Structuring a framework that is configurable through an open confronting site expels the requirement for organization representatives to arrange and direct alarms. At the point when joined with a bundle determination procedure and installment framework this makes an item with a business procedure that expels a huge bit of the expense. Lessening the expense and improving the adaptability of a virtual bundle selling takes into consideration littler organizations in a bigger commercial center to become focuses for the item. Another noteworthy factor is having the option to pay negligible expenses to interpret and restrict the interface into territorial forms that can arrive at business sectors that would customarily require deals staff who conceivably need to communicate in the language and dwell inside the timezone. Goals Vision Make a result of significant worth to anybody advertising a brand or item or requiring online life following of a subject identifying with their association. Give a fantastic and natural client experience all through all parts of the site. Accomplish levels of dependability befitting of a help for use in the midst of authoritative emergency and for sending basic data. Produce alarms of internet based life content coordinating the customers needs conveyed in an auspicious and dependable manner to the authoritative individuals that need it. Keep up the protection and security of clients of the site. Objectives Essential introductory target is to create a working and testable â€Å"beta† form of the site inside 4 months this involves: Research advertise capability of the item, evaluate contenders contributions. multi week. Examination of the present framework utilized inside to distinguish its qualities and shortcomings, proposing territories for development explicitly in convenience. multi week Research and arranging; look into accessible innovation that can be utilized, explicitly structures to help with advancement and APIs identifying with providers of information, email and installment administrations. fourteen days Improvement of site to alpha adaptation, unit, mix and part interface testing. 2 months Framework testing and organization, acknowledgment testing. multi month Statistical surveying Material essential statistical surveying is based around input from existing customers utilizing a comparable item that satisfies a similar capacity. Figured inquiries and their reactions can turn out to be a piece of record administrators ordinary correspondence with customers interchanges divisions. This takes into consideration the social occasion of information from poll style reactions led in a phone talk with style without the need to mail drop the customer with what might be off-putting promoting material. For existing customers the determinations for current ready designs contain significant information about the market. Customers can be isolated into segments demonstrating their utilization of the framework dependent on the catchphrases, patterns and powerful individuals that they decide to follow. The showcasing utilization for these customers will take into account more focused on promoting to various business types. Conceivable selling focuses include: Brand the board. Following internet based life discussion encompassing a brand or item. Item Launch. Breaking down discussion via web-based networking media follow an item dispatch. Customer Dissent. Giving information to help define reaction to analysis or dissent. Political/Legislative. Following a center policy driven issue or enactment change that influences the commercial center. Optional research incorporates the utilization of openly sourced information to comprehend the utilization of internet based life in the showcasing and advertising divisions of potential customers. This is a quickly changing condition in showcasing as organizations understand the potential for utilizing internet based life for advertising purposes and the need to screen outlets that have impact. Internet based life advertising spending plans will twofold throughout the following 5 years (Pam Dyer, 2013) From 2010 to 2012 the level of Americans following any brand on an interpersonal organization expanded from 16% to 33%. An expansion of 106%. (Van Den Beld, B, 2012) Contender examination The nearest contender offering support of this nature is Yatterbox. Yatterbox give an ongoing alarm administration constrained by quantities of watchwords and following fixed arrangements of persuasive records. SWOT examination of yatterbox from the perspective of our item: Qualities All around kept up arrangements of compelling web based life analysts. Existing client base, current market pioneer. Great inclusion of internet based life stages. Graphical investigation of information history Shortcomings No arrangement for self kept up arrangements of compelling sources. Predetermined number of search terms permitted on essential records. No continuous alarms on fundamental records. Our Opportunities Give more noteworthy authority over arrangements of sources Permit client looked after records Give boundless watchword search terms. Contend on value, offer constrained free membership to manufacture client base. Offer continuous and planned cautions Our Threats Not the first to showcase Examination is unavoidable, must contend on their qualities and feature our own one of a kind selling focuses. Contending on cost doesnt permit us to set our own evaluating. Yatterbox Pricing (Yatterbox, got to 16 May 2014) 3.2 Systems Evaluation Specialist organizations A noteworthy piece of the item depends on administrations gave by outsiders as a solid stage for key usefulness. The internet business part of the webpage additionally requires installment administrations to finish exchanges. Information There are 2 primary players in giving information streams from internet based life stages who have licenses to give web-based social networking information from various online stages. Introductory

Lewinsky scandal

Lewinsky scandal Lewinsky scandal l?win ´ske [key], sensation that enveloped the presidency of Bill Clinton in 1998â€"99, leading to his impeachment by the U.S. House of Representatives and acquittal by the Senate. Paula Corbin Jones, a former Arkansas state worker who claimed that Bill Clinton had accosted her sexually in 1991 when he was governor of Arkansas, had brought a sexual harassment lawsuit against the president. Seeking to show a pattern of behavior on Clinton's part, Jones's lawyers questioned several women believed to have had a liaison with him. On Jan. 17, 1998, Clinton himself was questioned, becoming the first sitting president to testify as a civil defendant. In his testimony, Clinton denied having had an affair with Monica S. Lewinsky, an unpaid intern and later a paid staffer at the White House, in 1995â€"96. Lewinsky had earlier, in a deposition in the same case, also denied having such a relationship. Kenneth Starr , the independent counsel in the Whitewater case, had previously received tape recordings made by Linda R. Tripp (a former coworker of Lewinsky's) of telephone conversations in which Lewinsky described her involvement with the president. Asserting that there was a pattern of deception, Starr obtained from Attorney General Janet Reno permission to investigate the matter. The president publicly denied having had a relationship with Lewinsky and charges of covering it up. His adviser Vernon Jordan denied having counseled Lewinsky to lie in the Jones case, or having arranged a job for her outside Washington, to help cover up the affair. Hillary Clinton claimed that a vast right-wing conspiracy was trying to destroy her husband, while Republicans and conservatives portrayed him as immoral and a liar. In March, Jordan and others testified before Starr's grand jury, and lawyers for Paula Jones released papers revealing, among other things, that Clinton, in his January deposition, had admitted to a sexual relationship in the 1980s with Arkansas entertainer Gennifer Flowers, a charge he had long denied. In April, however, Arkansas federal judge Susan Webber Wright dismissed the Jones suit, ruling that Jones's story, if true, showed that she had been exposed to boorish behavior but not sexual harrassment; Jones appealed. In July, Starr granted Lewinsky immunity from perjury charges, and Clinton agreed to testify before the grand jury. He did so on Aug. 17, then went on television to admit the affair with Lewinsky and ask for forgiveness. In September, Starr sent a 445-page report to the House of Representatives, recommending four possible grounds for impeachment : perjury, obstruction of justice, witness tampering, and abuse of authority (in claiming executive privilege and other actions). The report, detailed not only in its reporting of claimed misdeeds but also its description of sexual acts, was condemned by many as prurient. The House Judiciary Committee considered the report in October and Novembe r. In mid-November it sent Clinton 81 formal inquiries; his answers, seen as legalistic and combative, were thought to hurt his case. On Dec. 12, in party-line votes, the committee approved four impeachment counts, rejecting a resolution of censure drafted by Democrats as an alternative. House Republicans had unexpectedly lost seats in the Nov. elections, and it was widely held that the impeachment proceeding was one reason, since polls showed the public did not favor impeachment. It was also said that there was no chance the Senate would convict on any charge. The White House hoped that these facts and its own campaign against impeachment would prevent it, but on Dec. 19 Clinton became the second president (after Andrew Johnson ) to be impeached, on two charges: perjuryâ€"in his Aug., 1998, testimonyâ€"and obstruction of justice. The vote, again, was largely along party lines. In Jan., 1999, the trial began in the Senate. On Jan. 12, Clinton settled the Paula Jones suit, dispo sing of any threat her case might hold for him. On Feb. 12, after a trial in which testimony relating to the charges was limited, the Senate rejected both counts of impeachment. The perjury charge lost, 55â€"45, with 10 Republicans joining all 45 Democrats in voting against it; the obstruction charge drew a 50â€"50 vote. Subsequently, on Apr. 12, Judge Wright, who had dismissed the Jones case, found the president in contempt for lying in his Jan., 1998, testimony, when he denied the Lewinsky affair. In July, Judge Wright ordered the president to pay nearly $90,000 to Ms. Jones's lawyers. During that same month a Maryland grand jury indicted Linda Tripp for illegally taping phone calls (Tripp had been granted immunity from federal prosecution but not from state charges), but the charges were later dropped when crucial evidence was ruled inadmissable. On Jan. 19, 2001, the day before he left office, President Clinton agreed to admit to giving false testimony in the Jones case and to a ccept a five-year suspension of his law license and a $25,000 fine in return for an agreement by the independent counsel, Robert W. Ray (Starr's successor), to end the investigation and not prosecute him. See M. Isikoff, Uncovering Clinton (1999); A. Morton, Monica's Story (1999); R. A. Posner, An Affair of State (1999); J. Toobin, A Vast Conspiracy (2000); P. Baker, The Breach: Inside the Impeachment and Trial of William Jefferson Clinton (2000); K. Gormley, The Death of American Virtue (2010). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History

The Main Purpose Of Alcoholic Anonymous Essay - 1153 Words

The main purpose of Alcoholic Anonymous (A.A.) is to help members keep an open mind on the subject and can stay sober. Using the 12 steps designed by A.A. assists people to break through their denial and to see the problems alcohol has caused in their lives. The Twelve Steps are the core of A.A’s program of recovery from alcoholism. They are based on the trial-and error experience of A.A’s early members and have worked for millions of alcoholics since then. In recent years, there are about 1.2 million people who belong to one of A.A.’s 55,000 meeting groups in the United States. On October 9 2016, after the clinical, I attended the A.A meeting located at St. Patrick s Roman Catholic Church 9511 4th Ave Brooklyn. The open meeting started at 4pm and was held with approximately 35 to 40 attendees for one hour. The room was located at the basement of the building but it was clean, cozy and bright. There were many chairs and one big C shape desk in the front so some people could be sitting around the table while most of people were sitting behind the table. One interesting thing was that there was a person who translated the entire meeting in sign language for the deaf so the meeting looked more formal and organized. Unlike my imagination that people would have unkempt, addicting appearances, and borderline offensive hygiene, the majority of the members had clean and nice looking, well kempt, and healthy appearances. As soon as we entered the room, one woman welcomed us andShow MoreRelatedBeing A Single Heterosexual Male And Longtime Member Of Alcoholics Anonymou s1660 Words   |  7 Pagesand longtime member of Alcoholics Anonymous, I often wonder about the issue of Alcoholics Anonymous members and dating. I usually attend four or five AA meetings each week and truth be told, I do scout the room at each AA meeting that I attend, to see which women are present. I think that such a practice is only natural and it does not distract me from my purpose of attaining support for and learning ways to effectively deal with my disease of alcoholism. One of the main issues that I regularlyRead MoreEssay on Alcoholics Anonymous Support Group Report1188 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Alcoholics Anonymous Support Group Report Liberty University Alcoholics Anonymous Support Group Report Group therapy has evolved so much that the participant are learning how to help themselves and others. Self-help groups are one of the most popular forms of group therapy. One of the most known self-help groups is Alcoholics Anonymous also known as A.A. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is an international organizationRead MoreThe Theory Of Alcoholics Anonymous1622 Words   |  7 PagesMade a Beginning Group (MAB) of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) was observed in the efforts to link course readings and class lectures to real life group work. MAB was observed on October 14, 2015, at 6:00 pm. with fourteen people in attendance. The open support group meeting was located at the First Unitarian Church of Orlando on East Robinson Street and was led by one facilitator. MAB and the facilitator showed deviations from the normal group practices discussed in the class of Group Dynamics and ProcessRead MoreEssay on Attendence of an Aa Meeting in March 20081092 Words   |  5 PagesName of Group Attended: Alcoholics Anonymous Facility and Location of Group Attended: Date and Time of Group Attended: 3/30/08 at 7 p.m. Name of Group Leader: Bill A. A description of the group purpose and setting, providing enough information to let the instructor understand the group set-up. The main purpose of this meeting is for the attendants to stay sober and help other members achieve and/or maintain sobriety. 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The meetings started around 8:00 pm and went until each member was given the opportunity to speak, or to share their feelings in some way. There was a total of 15 people present, including myself and my companion. The group was primarily made up of males, there was oneRead MoreAddiction Meeting At Herrin Hospital1212 Words   |  5 Pageswere opened and some closed. For this reason I chose a meeting to attend on Sunday, February an Alcoholics Anonymous Meeting at Herrin Hospital (which I work for but didn’t even know hosted these meetings) on Sunday, January 29, 2017. As mentioned before, there are multiple programs for many different types of behavior addictions programs. Some of them include: Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, and many other programs that treat non-substance issues such as sexual addiction issues, gamblingRead MoreA Research Study On Group Therapy1262 Words   |  6 Pageswas an Alcoholics Anonymous group in Rapid City, SD. 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Alcoholics Anonymous has beenRead MoreDrug Abuse And Addiction Have Negative Consequences For Individuals And For Society1321 Words   |  6 Pagesthis paper we will discuss how each of the models address this issue. We will also discuss the strengths and weaknesses of how each model is addressing the problem. Directly following the above we will examine detoxification centers and Narcotics Anonymous and how they are helping to fight the battle against drug addiction. First let’s look at how the medical model address addiction. People often look at drug addiction as something that can be avoided they may think that people become addicted because

The Best Year Of Riders Life - 1923 Words

It’s been a year since Rider and his family moved to Japan and it has been the best year of Rider’s life not only did he make friends with cool people, but also has an awesome girlfriend in Shiho. Also, during the year, the almost the entire Hashimoto Clan moved to Japan since half of them were killed in the war. His aunts and uncles as well his cousins moved to Japan. Now his senior of high school Rider is this close to reaching his dream. Right now Rider and his cousins are on their way to school. â€Å"So Rider this is your final year of high school are you going to miss it?† his cousin Sachi asked. Sachi Hashimoto is 14 years old she has black hair and violet slitted eyes, and she had yet to grown in her fangs. She was wearing the†¦show more content†¦Rider was at his locker and someone decided to surprise him. Placing their hands over his eyes the person said, â€Å"guess who?† â€Å"Hmm let me guess it’s the girl who keeps this smile on my face and she’s very beautiful. She happens to be my girlfriend Shiho,† Rider said as he turned around to face Shiho. They greeted each other with a kiss as they headed to class. â€Å"I can’t believe it’s our senior year I’m really going to miss everybody,† Shiho said. â€Å"Yeah. Shiho there’s something I have to talk to you about can you meet me in the parking lot after school?† Rider asked. â€Å"Yeah sure I’ll come right after swim practic e,† Shiho said. Rider and Shiho bid each other farewell as they headed to their classes. Later on, in the day, Rider was waiting outside the parking lot waiting for Shiho to show up. The twins were at the school’s track field running a couple tracks. Shiho appeared right in front of Rider and waited for him to begin. â€Å"You know how we ‘re about to graduate right?† Rider asked. Shiho nodded her head and Rider continued, â€Å"you see the thing is I’m heading back to my home world this summer,† Rider said. Shiho was saddened to hear that as she feared the worse. â€Å"Are you going to break up with me?† Shiho asked. Rider was surprised when she asked that question. â€Å"No no no I’m not going to break up with you,† Rider said. Shiho sighed in relief as Rider continued, â€Å"the problem is in order for me to return to my

Lucent Technologies Case Free Essays

The financial statement for Lucent Technologies is for September 30, 2003 and 2004. After reviewing the balance sheet I could determine Lucent Technologies Total Assets had increased by 1,052 million. This shows Total assets are in an upward trend and the company has steadily built assets the last year and not decreased them. We will write a custom essay sample on Lucent Technologies Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now The company’s goal is to raise profits and one way of raising profits is to increase their assets. Total Liabilities have decreased by 940 million. Total current liabilities have decreased over the year while long term liabilities have increased. In 2003, Lucent Technologies debt to asset ratio was . 83 and in 2004 the debt to asset ratio was . 92 which means . 92 of Lucent Technologies assets were paid for by borrowing money. What this shows is Lucent Technologies may pay a higher interest on money borrowed because their debt to asset ratio is so high. By reducing their debt load and controlling purchases the company can reduce their total debt to asset ratio. Companies acquiring too much debt may have trouble paying creditors which could force them into bankruptcy. Total shareowners’ deficit has decreased over the year. While the company is currently looking at a deficit, they are heading in an upward trend where shareholders could start receiving dividend payouts. Investors reviewing Lucent Technologies current balance sheet may have a hard time investing in the company as much of the assets owned by the company were purchased on credit. Creditors may loan Lucent Technologies money for future investments, but it would be at a higher interest rate as the current debt to asset ratio is high. Another problem creditors and investors may have with the current balance sheet is that Lucent Technologies is only providing them with information from one year. Even though the balance sheet reflects improvements in company profits over the past year it doesn’t provide creditors and investors with enough information to make an informed decision. Creditors and investors would need financial statements for multiple years before investing in the company. By viewing the statement of cash flows, investors are able to determine how much cash comes in and goes out of the company during the year. It shows investors how the company is able to pay for its operations and future growth. Lucent Technologies provided a balance sheet for September 30, 2003 and 2004. There is limited value in the data provided by Lucent Technologies, for investors and creditors to make informative decisions before investing in or leading money to this company. Other financial statements investors and creditors need to view are the income statement and the statement of cash flows. The income statement provides the revenue earned minus expenses incurred over a specific period of time. Investors need to view the statement of cash flow to determine the increases and decreases in cash made by Lucent Technologies. How to cite Lucent Technologies Case, Papers

The Decision Process in Operations

Abstract The paper explores the concept of decision-making as it applies in a business organization or any other organization. The meaning of decision-making as well as the necessary steps that are taken to ensure effective decision-making process is also tackled. Some typical situations that may require an effective decision-making are also described alongside practical examples that involve effective decision-making.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Decision Process in Operations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, a case study is given on how effective decision making enabled an automobile company to recover from its loss of market share and is currently set to beat competitors. The paper also discusses problems that can be faced in the process, as well as some decisions that can be made, and some tools that are applicable in the decision-making process. Introduction Decision-making is an essential task in any organization. Whether it is a business or not-for-profit organizations, the management of the organization is often faced with situations that would call for choice of appropriate option from a collection of many possible options available. Regardless of the type of organization considered, the main factors that will influence decision-making process are the associated costs and time. These two scarce factors need to be minimized in any decision to be taken. Often, the management would want an activity to be completed within the shortest time and at the lowest cost possible. It is worth acknowledging that it may not be practical to minimize both cost and time. In real instances, if one attempts to reduce time required for a particular activity, then the cost would rise; the converse is also true. Thus, in such decision-making processes, the approach would be to have a trade-off between time and cost until an optimal point is reached. What this means is that, a manager would first establish the time it requires to complete a particular task using the available resources, and then, considering the possibility of reducing time, the manager would decide to put in more resources so that the task is completed in a shorter period. This process is continued, with the outcome being evaluated until it will be uneconomical to increase the cost further. That will be the optimal point and the decision will be drawn from that point. This is just one scenario that involves decision-making process. The same could be witnessed in other scenario, with different factors like labour availability. However, the objective will always be to have the best option from several alternatives, and the best alternative will always be one that minimizes the total operation costs and time.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Definition Decision-making can b e regarded as a set of criteria aimed at selecting a course of action from the possible alternatives available. In a business setting, decision-making is a cognitive procedure that requires brainstorming of all economic forces affecting the operations and influencing the process. McGuigan, Moyer, and Harris (2002) pointed out that â€Å"the ability to make good decisions is the key to successful managerial performance† (p5). The decisions to be made can be as simple as deciding on the price to charge for a product or the quantity of a product to be produced. However, the real business setting often comprises situations that are more complex. Steps in decision-making process The principles in operations management should be applied by every manager faced with decision-making (Horvà ¡thovà ¡ 2010, p3). The decision-making process includes several steps most of which are common to all sectors in which the process is required. A typical structure would entail the following step s. Problem definition The initial step in any decision-making is defining the problem upon which a decision is to be made. Ideas that are developed here will be carried forward to the latter stages and thus, it should be carried out with care. Depending on the nature of the decisions that are to be made, there will always be a need to brainstorm general situations prevailing and come up with various appropriate ideas. If a decision has to be made following the sequence of events that had been witnessed in the past, coming up with ideas may not be a very demanding task. However, the situation is quite demanding if the decision follows an abnormal trend, yet a completely fresh decision has to be made. Nevertheless, a better cognitive understanding of the whole environment will enable the management to come up with ideas that are less prone to risk (McLucas 2003, p4). Gathering the relevant information This is also an essential step since the information to be obtained will form the ba sis upon which a decision has to be made. It requires a lot of expertise to ensure that the right information is obtained. If the decision has to be made in relation to previous experiences, data recorded in the previous cases can be retrieved.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Decision Process in Operations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, much more effort needs to be put in developing a course of action that had not been taken before. For instance, obtaining the response from the public concerning use of a product to be introduced into the market requires a lot of accuracy and precision. Formulating the objectives Having obtained relevant information, the next move is to formulate the objectives to be fulfilled in relation to the assessments that have been done. It has been noted that ‘the failure to identify organizational objectives correctly can result in the complete rejection of an otherwise well-conceived and well-implemented plan’ (McGuigan, Moyer Harris 2002, p5). The existing forces that could be identified are defined here as constraints that will govern the decision making process. This will include factors such as the available capital, labor that can be provided, or time to complete a task. As Li (2009) reported, â€Å"constraints are regarded as high-priority objectives, which must be satisfied in the process of generating alternatives.† These constraints will depend on the context in which a decision is to be made. Developing the strategies There is a need to develop strategies that can be used to realize response objectives laid out. The theories that are derived from economics will enable managers to set up the objective functions, as well as constraints involved in the decision process (McGuigan, Moyer Harris, 2002, p.5). The process also includes developing the techniques that will be used to ensure that the strategies that hav e been formed are implemented. Usually, the problems will be defined as numerical expression. The decision-maker needs to ensure a correct expression is given that describes the problem set. The implications of the results that will be realized should also be clear. Therefore, there is need for procedure that checks if the optimality has been attained.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Checking the feasibility of the solution Having developed strategies to ensure attainment of an optimal solution to the problem, there is need to check if the solution is compatible with all factors that had been given. The feasibility of the developed strategies is evaluated according to the forces that are acting within the organization and from outside. There is need to evaluate how other emerging factors may eventually affect the steps to be taken. Some decisions like site location are very crucial and should be carefully planned (Horvà ¡thovà ¡ 2010, p4). First, identify, at this point, the advantages and disadvantages that may be encountered when these strategies are actually implemented. This will remove the guilt from the decision-maker if something unexpected happens in the end. There is also a need to check if the steps are actually practical and can be implemented. It may not be the case that all that has been proposed can be put into practice. Thus, should there be a d eviation from what was expected, then, there is need to revise the strategies where necessary. However, it should be noted that most of the problems encountered would require solutions, some of which may be conflicting. The best approach is to adopt a multiple optimization technique that will come closer to satisfying most of the key constraints that are given (Li 2009, p3). Developing an implementation plan The strategies that have been developed will finally need to be put into practice. Thus, the next step is to develop the action plan that will ensure that the above goals are realized. The plan will include results that were realized in examining the feasibility and the practicality of the strategies developed. It will give an outline of courses of action to be taken and the associated costs or time as appropriate. Seeking permission Decision-making in an organization will differ from that made on an individual basis. If an operations manager makes a particular decision independ ently, then the consequences that follow from such decisions will be solely bestowed on him/her. Thus, the best approach is to seek the final say from relevant authority, as this will remove the fear of failure or procrastination. Implementation of the procedures The final step is to put the procedures that had been laid down into practice. Efforts should be made to ensure that the procedures are correctly implemented as had been designed. This could be achieved through constant monitoring and evaluation of the implementation processes (McGuigan, Moyer Harris 2002, p6). Situations requiring decision-making As human beings, we are always faced with situations where we have to choose from the alternatives that are available depending on our abilities. To satisfy the basic human needs, we are faced with decisions-making situations that need fulfillment depending on the economic constraints available. Owing to the scarcity in resources that we always have, we would always want to have our needs fulfilled as cheaply as possible. We would always want the services to be given to us as fast as possible. A similar scenario is witnessed in the decisions to be made in an organization, whether it is a business organization or not-for-profit organization. The time and cost factors will be common to every organization. Some few situations that require effective decision-making processes in an organization are described below. Consider a manager who wants to assign duties to different employees within a department in an organization. There is a project that comprises seven tasks to be performed and fortunately, seven employees are available, each of whom can handle any of the tasks. However, the employees have different abilities of performing each of the tasks, while the management wants the whole project completed within the shortest possible time. There is also information about time that each employee can take when performing a particular task. The manager here is charg ed with a duty to assign these employees to the task to minimize the total time that will be taken to complete the whole activity. A beverage production company produces and distributes to various retail warehouses; this company has four production sites and six warehouses to be served. These production sites and warehouses are all linked and any site can supply to any warehouse. The cost of transportation from one site to a warehouse is dependent on the distance to be covered and the quantity of items transported. The capacities of each warehouse, the production ability of each site, and the cost of transport of given units of items from the different sites to warehouses are all known. The problem is to come up with a system that will ensure that all the warehouses are supplied with the products from the sites such that the total transportation cost is minimized. This will call for an effective decision-making. The real business setting will have complex versions of the problem; fo r instance, it can further be noted that the road connecting site Q and warehouse D is not currently passable due to an upgrading process that is underway. This additional constraint needs to be considered in solving the problem. A company A that provides mobile services has been dominating a market for a long period. Suddenly, another service provider B emerges with reduced call rates alongside other benefits and he is providing very stiff competition in the market. The company A has noticed the sudden decrease in sales and the total revenue that has been recorded in the recent past and he has felt that something needs to be done. It has the options of reducing the call rates, increasing the advertisements, incorporating sales promotion techniques like offers, coming up with other attractive services within the network, as well as entering into partnership with companies that deal in mobile devices. The management has to come up with a model that is most appropriate in solving the problem that has emerged. All these alternatives have associated costs and benefits. A decision will be made that include one or more of the objectives following an extensive cost-benefit analysis Typical decision-making process Example 1 A 50ha farm is to be used for growing beans and maize. The manager of the farm has noted that the capital that is available to carry out the activity is $1800. It has also been reported that to cultivate a hectare of beans costs $45 while that of maize costs $30. A hectare can produce 50 bags of maize or 30 bags of beans. A bag of maize costs $25 while that of beans costs $40. The farm has been subdivided into 50 manageable subunits and it is desired that no unit contain a mixture of the two crops. The problem is to allocate the farm to the two crops so that a maximum return is obtained. Now, the manager has identified the problem and stated that the objective is to have maximum returns. The return will depend on the proportion of the farm allocate d to each of the crops. From the given data, a hectare of maize will return $1250 while that of beans will return $1200. Let B represents the hectares allocated for beans and M represents those allocated for maize. Then mathematically, the objective can be stated as: Maximize P= 1200B +1250M The next move is to identify the forces from within and from without that may affect the decision variables. Mathematically, the variables M and B cannot assume negative values. Then, the expenditure cannot exceed the amount that is available to be used. Lastly, the total number of hectares cannot exceed what is at hand. There is also a condition that B and M must not be fractions. Thus, we have a set of constraints that the above objective function must satisfy as follows: B, M= 0 B+M= 50 45B+30M= 1800, B and M are integers. The application of linear programming techniques on the above problem will give the optimal solution as B=0 and M=50. This implies that it will be more profitable to cultiv ate maize in the whole farm. The overall return, which is $62500, is the highest return that can be received given the restrictions. Effective Decision-making at Ford Motors Company: A case study Ford Motors Company is the fourth largest manufacturer of automobiles in the world. It is based in the United States and has operations in other foreign countries as well. The company lost the market share steadily in the period 1995-2009. On the hand, the company recorded an increase in share of its operations in the European nations. The difference was caused by the increase in the cost of the manufacturing facilities and increased wages in the United States and the increased cost of healthcare and the pension schemes that were practiced in the US. The company therefore developed certain strategies to improve its operations. The management adopted a strategic plan referred to as ‘ONE Ford’ plan. This characterized by a spirit of One Team, One Plan, and One Goal. This included restructuring its operations so that it could still gain profit despite the decrease that was observed in the demand for such automobiles. As a move to reduce the cost, the company dismissed some of its employees and closed down some seven factories in the United States. It also shifted from manufacturing of large tracks and settled on a single line of small automobiles that have less fuel consumption. The management was responding to the energy crisis that was being experienced and the political wave that was advocating for vehicles with less fuel consumption. This showed the management’s ability to identify and respond to external economic forces. Through the One Team plan, the management has succeeded in including all the stakeholders in the management process. There is a room for the opinions from the employees at the lower level. Other incentives like healthcare and employee benefit schemes were also put in place. The company also initiated programs that would give serv ices back to the community like the Ford Motor Company Fund and Community services. This was a way of building its reputation among the customers. Ford Motor Credit Company was a scheme started to offer loans and leases on cars. Effective decision-making has helped Ford Motor Company regain their lost share in the global automobile market. A strategic plan that was developed has improved the operations and sales of the company. The strategies that were adopted by Ford Company have seen the company increases its sales and surpass the other competitors like Toyota since FY2009. An Annual Report of FY2009 showed that the net income was $2.7 billion, the best result to be recorded since 2005 (para1). An increase of $7.3 billion was also observed in the pre-tax operating profit from the figure in 2008. The company is set to penetrate deeper into the market as it is set to more new quality product. Problems facing managerial decision-making process There are certain factors that threaten the process of decision-making, and which make it the most challenging task to the operations managers. However, most of these challenges can be eliminated by following the right decision-making procedures. Besides, the personnel that are to be involved in operation management need to be conversant with the necessary management techniques and their relevance to the particular organizations they serve in. Procrastination This refers to a situation where a decision has been made and a course of action taken that is of lower benefit to the organization. It refers to a failure to give higher priority to procedures that would benefit the organization the most and instead major on the low priority activities. For instance, it occurs when the management of an organization wanted to introduce a new product to replace an existing product. If proper prior analysis is not taken, it may turn out that the new deal is less productive than the previous one. The managers will then bear the blame fo r having misguided the organization. In order to prevent this, the operations managers should seek permission from the other top management concerning the course of action to be taken. This is one of the key steps involved in risk management. The manager must just accept the fact that his/her single opinion and knowledge may not be sufficient in managing risk. Instead, there is need for the manager to seek the understanding of the other managers on the matter that requires decision-making (McLucas, 2003, p7). The other managers could have gained a longer working experience and they are thus better placed to handle the situation. In effect, the top management will also be responsible for any negative effects that the decision could have on the operations of the organization. Besides, adopting the right decision-making procedures would help reduce the possibility of such cases. Lack of appropriate approach The decision-making process could be a nightmare if the personnel involved do n ot have the technical expertise that is required in formulating and implementing the procedures. If incompetent personnel is deployed anywhere in the process, then the process is deemed to fail and this will stigmatize the process. For instance, the problem can be well defined by the management. However, when it comes to gathering the relevant information, there may be no proper personnel to do the job. What will follow are decision-making procedures being carried out based on wrong data. Lack of clarity This is caused by the inability of the management personnel to give view clear of the problem to be solved. This often occurs when the manager is faced with a complex decision-making process. To ensure clarity, the manager should be able to break the complex problems down to simpler units and explain the implications of each decision procedure. In many cases, the objectives of a solving a problem will be described a mathematical expression. Firstly, there should be a clear conversio n of the problem into a numerical expression. Then the personnel should be able to give the implications of the mathematical expression to other members of the organization who are also included in the process. Everyone should be conversant with the model before contributing to the process. Fear of failure of the course of action taken There are time when then mangers are forced to make decisions amidst some unknown conditions. The general constraints that determine the course of action may not be available. The managers would then make the decisions but with a fear that they would probably. A typical approach to do away with such fear is to include the top management in the decision process. They should identify the risks and uncertainties that may impede the realization of the goals and objectives the have been set. Then there should be an analysis of a possibility of failure. A good implementation plan will include the likelihood/probability that such a program might fail followi ng the examination of the situations that had been experienced in the past. The advantages and disadvantages that are associated with such a decision should be outlined so that it should not be a surprise if anything negative happens. Types of decision-making The decisions that are made in an organization can be categorized in different ways. The decisions can be considered in terms of the parties that were involved and the degree of freedom that was given to the parties. It can also be categorized according to the information that was available during the decision-making procedures. The decisions can also be grouped according to the lifetime of the course of action to be taken and the period within which such a course of action is to be taken. In terms of the parties involved, the decisions can be categorized as being authoritative, consultative, facilitative, or delegative. A decision is authoritative if the decision-maker, e.g. the operations manager, has the sole mandate of maki ng the decisions. The other members of the organization have to follow the action plan that has been designed. This type of decision-making requires that the leader have the expertise that is required; otherwise, the decisions reached will not be beneficial to the organization. However, it has the advantage that the process does not take much time. In a facilitative decision-making, the principle decision-maker only leads the process and the other lower-level members of the organizations are involved. This is a typical of what can be termed as participatory management (McLucas 2003, p5). It has the advantage that the leader might get assistance from his/her juniors who might be better placed in handling certain emerging issues that may be addressed. Its odds are experienced when involving the junior staff brings in more ideas making the situation too complex to deal with. It also involves many people; therefore, much more time and resources need to be spent as compared to the author itative decision-making process. Besides, some of the staff may not be willing to share their views in the matter (McLucas 2003, p5). Consultative decision-making is similar to facilitative except that here the final decision still rests on the principle leader. It might as well be disadvantageous especially if the leader is not very competent. The consultations will require more time and resource just as the facilitative decision process. In delegative decision-making, the principle power distributes the decision tasks to the junior staff. This requires that the junior staff be conversant with the contents of the problems that need to be addressed. If the junior staff given such responsibilities are competent enough, then the delegative decision-making process will be faster and more reliable the others. Depending on the lifetime and implementation period, we could have quick decisions, permanent/irreversible decisions, temporary decisions, delayed decisions, conditional decisions, and experimental decisions. The permanent decisions are those that are made with a final ruling. They cannot be revised and they are to stay in the organization for a very long period. Such decisions will only be revised if other external forces eventually find their way into the operations of the organization. In many, permanent decisions are used when there were no alternatives from which the management could make a choice. On the other hand, the temporary decisions are made when there were several equivalent alternatives from which the choice could be made. They are subject to corrections in case the course of action that was taken is yielding any fruit. Delayed decisions have the same approach. A decision is arrived at, but the implementation is delayed for some period. During this period, the odds that can be associated with such a decision will be identified and the necessary reinforcement can be done before it is finally implemented. If the odds are found to be extreme, then it can be revised and other alternatives be examined. The conditional decisions are made when the alternatives that could be chosen are left open. The performance of the course of action taken is evaluated with respect to the other alternatives and further judgment can be made. The right course of action may not be clear to the management even though the destination may be visible. A typical approach would be to experiment on a particular objective and evaluate the results. If it turns out that the action are beneficial and can be implemented, then they are considered for implementation. Such an initial decision is experimental. Depending on the information that is available at the time of decision-making, the decisions categorized as decisions with certainty, decisions under risks, decisions under uncertainty, or decisions under unknowingness (McGuigan, Moyer Harris 2002, p49). A decision is under certainty if each of the possible alternatives is known to yield a particular patte rn. The decision is under risk if the alternatives are known to one of the many known outcomes with a given likelihood measure. The decision is under uncertainty if the above probabilities cannot be given. Finally, the decision is under unknowingness if the outcomes of the course of action taken cannot be known. The first two can be grouped as programmed decisions and the last two as non-programmed decisions. The programmed decisions are those that are regularly made. The managers can often relate the situations that had been experienced in the past and the decisions that were made to solve the problems. They are usually decisions that had been made in the previous cases and the management has set out procedures to be followed when similar situations are expected to occur. A course of action can then be developed from the experiences. For instance, the number of visitors to some beach hotel is known to increase during holidays. The manager can decide to increase inventory as well as the workers in order to be able meet the foreseen demand. The decisions here will be guided by the results that had been recorded in the past. It is not completely void of risk. Some of the conditions that prevailed in the past may have changed and so there may be a deviation of what occurs from what was expected. However, the risks involved can be estimated and evaluated against the consequences of the current situations. On the other hand, the non-programmed decisions are those that the management of an organization is forced to make following the external forces that are prevailing. They are not planned and do not follow a predefined guidelines. This is particularly because the causative factors may not follow a predictable pattern and so they are not based on any experience. Besides, the decisions do have an impact on the running of organizations since they usually involve an introduction of a completely different course of action. An example can be seen when the product of com pany loses fame in the market and the sales have reduced remarkably. The management has decided to abandon the product and deal in another one that is thought to be doing better in the market. Such decisions will only depend on the ability of the managers to react to complex and urgent situations arising in business. Much of it will rely on the intuition of the managers and their ability in making judgments. These decision-making processes are subject to many risks and should only be used when there is a need for it. Some techniques and tools used in decision-making process Effective decision-making process will require the application of various methods and tools. The decision-maker will be better placed in handling the process if he/she has a wide knowledge of these techniques. Cost-benefit analysis All the decisions that are to be made have associated costs and benefits. A good understanding of the techniques involved will help come up with a strategy (strategies) that has (have) the lowest costs and highest benefits. Decision trees This helps in identifying the relationships between different options Grid analysis The techniques here are applicable in a situation that deals with many alternatives. It helps choose an alternative from the many possible ones. Force Field Analysis This will help in identifying the forces that are for and against a course of action to be taken. Each force will have a weight, which will indicate its direction and strength in relation to the possible alternatives. Conclusion The concept of decision-making is an essential element in the management of every organization. It requires that the decision-maker be conversant with the various areas that would involve such decisions otherwise wrong decisions may be reached. There is also need to have decision-making process that includes a number of the stakeholder of the organization. Individual decision-making may pose problems to the manager should the initiative land the organization into a ditch. References Horvà ¡thovà ¡, P. (2010). The Use of Operations Management Procedures in Order to Increase Organizations Competitiveness under the Conditions of Growing Pressures of Globalization. An International Journal from Global Business and Management Research, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2010 pp. 33-40 Li, D. (2009). Relative Ratio Method for Multiple Attribute Decision-making Problems. International Journal of Information Technology Decision Making World Scientific Publishing Company, Vol. 8, No. 2 (2009) 289–311. McGuigan, J., Moyer, R. and Harris, F. (2002). Managerial economics: Applications, Strategy and Tactics. Ninth edition. Cincinnati: Thomson Learning. McLucas, A. (2003). Decision-making: risk management, systems thinking, and situation awareness. Canberra: Argos Press. This research paper on The Decision Process in Operations was written and submitted by user Muhammad S. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.